(Berlín, 9 de noviembre de 2024 – MundoUR).- Tal día como hoy, pero hace 35 años, el mundo se despertaba con unas imágenes que podrían ser insólitas en 1989 y es que todas las televisoras del mundo transmitían a unos hombres golpeando afanosamente el Muro de Berlín, esa construcción que dividió a la capital de Alemania después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial y que fue un símbolo de la Guerra Fría; que a su vez dio cabida a la pugna entre el capitalismo y el socialismo.
Alemania, en 1990, logró su reunificación con el derribo del Muro de Berlín para acoplar esas dos realidades en más de 30 años; un proceso que seguro no fue sencillo.
En 2024, el mundo se muestra ahora dividido en bloques por hoy todavía muros invisibles.
Berlin (Germany), 04/11/2024.- The tower of the command centre Kieler Eck of the GDR border troops is pictured at the Kieler Strasse in Berlin, Germany, 04 November 2024 (issued 08 November 2024). The tower is now a memorial to Günter Litfin, who was the first victim of the firing order during an escape attempt on 24 August 1961. The Berlin Wall surrounded West Berlin for 155 kilometers and divided the city from 13 August 1961 to 9 November 1989. Originally built to prevent East Berliners from fleeing to the West, the wall was continuously expanded by the SED to create a heavily guarded barrier system. The resulting border strip, known in the West as the «death strip», claimed many lives in escape attempts. At least 136 people lost their lives here trying to escape from East to West. The fall of the Wall in November 1989 finally put an end to the system by which the SED had secured its power in the GDR and heralded the end of the dictatorship. (Alemania) EFE/EPA/HANNIBAL HANSCHKE ATTENTION: This Image is part of a PHOTO SET
Rusia y la OTAN están reeditando la Guerra Fría, aunque Ucrania las ha colocado mucho más cerca de un enfrentamiento militar directo en Europa que durante esas cuatro décadas de tensiones.
La década de los 90 del siglo pasado y los primeros años del siglo XXI estuvieron marcados por el acercamiento y las iniciativas para fomentar el diálogo y la cooperación.
Aunque el conflicto en Kosovo en 1999 y la guerra entre Rusia y Georgia de 2008 enfriaron las relaciones, el acercamiento entre la Alianza y Moscú era una realidad, con presidentes rusos incluso presentes en cumbres de la OTAN, como la de 2010 en Lisboa.
Berlin (Germany), 05/11/2024.- A former watch tower of GDR border troops is pictured close to square Leipziger Platz in Berlin, Germany, 05 November 2024 (issued 08 November 2024). The Berlin Wall surrounded West Berlin for 155 kilometers and divided the city from 13 August 1961 to 9 November 1989. Originally built to prevent East Berliners from fleeing to the West, the wall was continuously expanded by the SED to create a heavily guarded barrier system. The resulting border strip, known in the West as the «death strip», claimed many lives in escape attempts. At least 136 people lost their lives here trying to escape from East to West. The fall of the Wall in November 1989 finally put an end to the system by which the SED had secured its power in the GDR and heralded the end of the dictatorship. (Alemania) EFE/EPA/HANNIBAL HANSCHKE ATTENTION: This Image is part of a PHOTO SET
Además, en el Concepto Estratégico de 2010, el documento que guió durante más de una década las políticas de la Alianza, se apostaba por una «asociación estratégica» entre la OTAN y Rusia.
Pero la anexión rusa de Crimea provocó que en abril de 2014 se detuviera la cooperación civil y militar entre la Alianza y Rusia.
Luego, la invasión a gran escala de Ucrania en 2022 dejó las relaciones en su punto más bajo desde la Guerra Fría.
Berlin (Germany), 07/11/2024.- A pedestrian passes by posters commemorating 35 years of peaceful revolution and the fall of the Berlin Wall with the German Parliament in the background, in Berlin, Germany, 07 November 2024. The fall of the Berlin Wall led to the collapse of the then communist (East) German Democratic Republic (GDR) regime in 1989 and the reunification of East and West Germany. The Berlin Wall divided the city from 13 August 1961 to 09 November 1989. (Alemania) EFE/EPA/FILIP SINGER
Sin embargo, el Muro de Berlín sigue siendo un recordatorio de lo hostil que puede llegar a ser el mundo y que alienta a la Humanidad a buscar caminos de cooperación y entendimiento.
La presidenta del Parlamento Europeo, Roberta Metsola, dijo este sábado, en el aniversario de la caída del Muro de Berlín, que 35 años después «nuestro deber es seguir derribando muros y trabajar cada día por la libertad y la paz».
«La caída del Muro de Berlín fue la culminación de años de determinación y sacrificio», señaló Metsola en un mensaje publicado en la red social X.
Con información de EFE
Berlin (Germany), 04/11/2024.- Parts of the so called hinterland securing wall are pictured at the ‘Stellwerk Nordbahnhof’ in Berlin, Germany, 04 November 2024 (issued 08 November 2024). The Berlin Wall surrounded West Berlin for 155 kilometers and divided the city from 13 August 1961 to 9 November 1989. Originally built to prevent East Berliners from fleeing to the West, the wall was continuously expanded by the SED to create a heavily guarded barrier system. The resulting border strip, known in the West as the «death strip», claimed many lives in escape attempts. At least 136 people lost their lives here trying to escape from East to West. The fall of the Wall in November 1989 finally put an end to the system by which the SED had secured its power in the GDR and heralded the end of the dictatorship. (Alemania) EFE/EPA/HANNIBAL HANSCHKE ATTENTION: This Image is part of a PHOTO SETBerlin (Germany), 04/11/2024.- The old cemetery wall of the Saint Hedwig parish was also part of the so called hinterland securing wall, pictured in Berlin, Germany, 04 November 2024 (issued 08 November 2024). The Berlin Wall surrounded West Berlin for 155 kilometers and divided the city from 13 August 1961 to 9 November 1989. Originally built to prevent East Berliners from fleeing to the West, the wall was continuously expanded by the SED to create a heavily guarded barrier system. The resulting border strip, known in the West as the «death strip», claimed many lives in escape attempts. At least 136 people lost their lives here trying to escape from East to West. The fall of the Wall in November 1989 finally put an end to the system by which the SED had secured its power in the GDR and heralded the end of the dictatorship. (Alemania) EFE/EPA/HANNIBAL HANSCHKE ATTENTION: This Image is part of a PHOTO SETBerlin (Germany), 04/11/2024.- Parts of the so called hinterland securing wall are pictured at the cemetery of the Saint Hedwig parish in Berlin, Germany, 04 November 2024 (issued 08 November 2024). The Berlin Wall surrounded West Berlin for 155 kilometers and divided the city from 13 August 1961 to 9 November 1989. Originally built to prevent East Berliners from fleeing to the West, the wall was continuously expanded by the SED to create a heavily guarded barrier system. The resulting border strip, known in the West as the «death strip», claimed many lives in escape attempts. At least 136 people lost their lives here trying to escape from East to West. The fall of the Wall in November 1989 finally put an end to the system by which the SED had secured its power in the GDR and heralded the end of the dictatorship. (Alemania) EFE/EPA/HANNIBAL HANSCHKE ATTENTION: This Image is part of a PHOTO SETBerlin (Germany), 04/11/2024.- Parts of the so called hinterland securing wall are pictured at the cemetery of the Saint Hedwig parish in Berlin, Germany, 04 November 2024 (issued 08 November 2024). The Berlin Wall surrounded West Berlin for 155 kilometers and divided the city from 13 August 1961 to 9 November 1989. Originally built to prevent East Berliners from fleeing to the West, the wall was continuously expanded by the SED to create a heavily guarded barrier system. The resulting border strip, known in the West as the «death strip», claimed many lives in escape attempts. At least 136 people lost their lives here trying to escape from East to West. The fall of the Wall in November 1989 finally put an end to the system by which the SED had secured its power in the GDR and heralded the end of the dictatorship. (Alemania) EFE/EPA/HANNIBAL HANSCHKE ATTENTION: This Image is part of a PHOTO SETBerlin (Germany), 04/11/2024.- Parts of the so called hinterland securing wall of the Berlin Wall are pictured at the St. Elisabeth Cemetery in Berlin, Germany, 04 November 2024 (issued 08 November 2024). The Berlin Wall surrounded West Berlin for 155 kilometers and divided the city from 13 August 1961 to 9 November 1989. Originally built to prevent East Berliners from fleeing to the West, the wall was continuously expanded by the SED to create a heavily guarded barrier system. The resulting border strip, known in the West as the «death strip», claimed many lives in escape attempts. At least 136 people lost their lives here trying to escape from East to West. The fall of the Wall in November 1989 finally put an end to the system by which the SED had secured its power in the GDR and heralded the end of the dictatorship. (Alemania) EFE/EPA/HANNIBAL HANSCHKE ATTENTION: This Image is part of a PHOTO SETBerlin (Germany), 04/11/2024.- Parts of the so called hinterland securing wall are pictured at the Park at Nordbahnhof in Berlin, Germany, 04 November 2024 (issued 08 November 2024). The Berlin Wall surrounded West Berlin for 155 kilometers and divided the city from 13 August 1961 to 9 November 1989. Originally built to prevent East Berliners from fleeing to the West, the wall was continuously expanded by the SED to create a heavily guarded barrier system. The resulting border strip, known in the West as the «death strip», claimed many lives in escape attempts. At least 136 people lost their lives here trying to escape from East to West. The fall of the Wall in November 1989 finally put an end to the system by which the SED had secured its power in the GDR and heralded the end of the dictatorship. (Alemania) EFE/EPA/HANNIBAL HANSCHKE ATTENTION: This Image is part of a PHOTO SETBerlin (Germany), 07/11/2024.- Parts of the so called hinterland securing wall are pictured at the Roentgen school in Berlin, Germany, 07 November 2024 (issued 08 November 2024). The Berlin Wall surrounded West Berlin for 155 kilometers and divided the city from 13 August 1961 to 9 November 1989. Originally built to prevent East Berliners from fleeing to the West, the wall was continuously expanded by the SED to create a heavily guarded barrier system. The resulting border strip, known in the West as the «death strip», claimed many lives in escape attempts. At least 136 people lost their lives here trying to escape from East to West. The fall of the Wall in November 1989 finally put an end to the system by which the SED had secured its power in the GDR and heralded the end of the dictatorship. (Alemania) EFE/EPA/HANNIBAL HANSCHKE ATTENTION: This Image is part of a PHOTO SETBerlin (Germany), 07/11/2024.- Parts of the so called hinterland securing wall are pictured at the gravel pond near the ‘Rudower Hoehe’ in Berlin, Germany, 07 November 2024 (issued 08 November 2024). The Berlin Wall surrounded West Berlin for 155 kilometers and divided the city from 13 August 1961 to 9 November 1989. Originally built to prevent East Berliners from fleeing to the West, the wall was continuously expanded by the SED to create a heavily guarded barrier system. The resulting border strip, known in the West as the «death strip», claimed many lives in escape attempts. At least 136 people lost their lives here trying to escape from East to West. The fall of the Wall in November 1989 finally put an end to the system by which the SED had secured its power in the GDR and heralded the end of the dictatorship. (Alemania) EFE/EPA/HANNIBAL HANSCHKE ATTENTION: This Image is part of a PHOTO SETBerlin (Germany), 04/11/2024.- Parts of the so called hinterland securing wall of the Berlin Wall are pictured at the Mauerpark in Berlin, Germany, 04 November 2024 (issued 08 November 2024). The Mauerpark is located on the former death strip. The remnants of the rear security wall that remain here are a popular subject for graffiti artists. The Berlin Wall surrounded West Berlin for 155 kilometers and divided the city from 13 August 1961 to 9 November 1989. Originally built to prevent East Berliners from fleeing to the West, the wall was continuously expanded by the SED to create a heavily guarded barrier system. The resulting border strip, known in the West as the «death strip», claimed many lives in escape attempts. At least 136 people lost their lives here trying to escape from East to West. The fall of the Wall in November 1989 finally put an end to the system by which the SED had secured its power in the GDR and heralded the end of the dictatorship. (Alemania) EFE/EPA/HANNIBAL HANSCHKE ATTENTION: This Image is part of a PHOTO SETKleinmachnow (Germany), 05/11/2024.- The Command tower of the GDR border troops of the Dreilinden water border crossing point is pictured in Kleinmachnow, Germany, 05 November 2024 (issued 08 November 2024). The site of the former water border crossing point on the north bank of the Teltow Canal is now used as a campsite. The Berlin Wall surrounded West Berlin for 155 kilometers and divided the city from 13 August 1961 to 9 November 1989. Originally built to prevent East Berliners from fleeing to the West, the wall was continuously expanded by the SED to create a heavily guarded barrier system. The resulting border strip, known in the West as the «death strip», claimed many lives in escape attempts. At least 136 people lost their lives here trying to escape from East to West. The fall of the Wall in November 1989 finally put an end to the system by which the SED had secured its power in the GDR and heralded the end of the dictatorship. (Alemania) EFE/EPA/FILIP SINGER ATTENTION: This Image is part of a PHOTO SETBerlin (Germany), 07/11/2024.- A pedestrian passes by posters commemorating 35 years of peaceful revolution and the fall of the Berlin Wall with the German Parliament in the background, in Berlin, Germany, 07 November 2024. The fall of the Berlin Wall led to the collapse of the then communist (East) German Democratic Republic (GDR) regime in 1989 and the reunification of East and West Germany. The Berlin Wall divided the city from 13 August 1961 to 09 November 1989. (Alemania) EFE/EPA/FILIP SINGERBerlin (Germany), 07/11/2024.- Pedestrian pass by posters commemorating 35 years of peaceful revolution and the fall of the Berlin Wall, in Berlin, Germany, 07 November 2024. The fall of the Berlin Wall led to the collapse of the then communist (East) German Democratic Republic (GDR) regime in 1989 and the reunification of East and West Germany. The Berlin Wall divided the city from 13 August 1961 to 09 November 1989. (Alemania) EFE/EPA/FILIP SINGERBerlin (Germany), 07/11/2024.- A pedestrian passes by posters commemorating 35 years of peaceful revolution and the fall of the Berlin Wall with the German Parliament in the background, in Berlin, Germany, 07 November 2024. The fall of the Berlin Wall led to the collapse of the then communist (East) German Democratic Republic (GDR) regime in 1989 and the reunification of East and West Germany. The Berlin Wall divided the city from 13 August 1961 to 09 November 1989. (Alemania) EFE/EPA/FILIP SINGERBerlin (Germany), 07/11/2024.- A pedestrian passes by posters commemorating 35 years of peaceful revolution and the fall of the Berlin Wall, in Berlin, Germany, 07 November 2024. The fall of the Berlin Wall led to the collapse of the then communist (East) German Democratic Republic (GDR) regime in 1989 and the reunification of East and West Germany. The Berlin Wall divided the city from 13 August 1961 to 09 November 1989. (Alemania) EFE/EPA/FILIP SINGERBerlin (Germany), 05/11/2024.- Parts of the so called hinterland securing wall are pictured parallel to the Schilling Bridge and south side of the Spree river, in Berlin, Germany, 05 November 2024 (issued 08 November 2024). The Berlin Wall surrounded West Berlin for 155 kilometers and divided the city from 13 August 1961 to 9 November 1989. Originally built to prevent East Berliners from fleeing to the West, the wall was continuously expanded by the SED to create a heavily guarded barrier system. The resulting border strip, known in the West as the «death strip», claimed many lives in escape attempts. At least 136 people lost their lives here trying to escape from East to West. The fall of the Wall in November 1989 finally put an end to the system by which the SED had secured its power in the GDR and heralded the end of the dictatorship. (Alemania) EFE/EPA/HANNIBAL HANSCHKE ATTENTION: This Image is part of a PHOTO SETBerlin (Germany), 05/11/2024.- A former watch tower of GDR border troops is pictured close to square Leipziger Platz in Berlin, Germany, 05 November 2024 (issued 08 November 2024). The Berlin Wall surrounded West Berlin for 155 kilometers and divided the city from 13 August 1961 to 9 November 1989. Originally built to prevent East Berliners from fleeing to the West, the wall was continuously expanded by the SED to create a heavily guarded barrier system. The resulting border strip, known in the West as the «death strip», claimed many lives in escape attempts. At least 136 people lost their lives here trying to escape from East to West. The fall of the Wall in November 1989 finally put an end to the system by which the SED had secured its power in the GDR and heralded the end of the dictatorship. (Alemania) EFE/EPA/HANNIBAL HANSCHKE ATTENTION: This Image is part of a PHOTO SETBerlin (Germany), 04/11/2024.- The tower of the command centre Kieler Eck of the GDR border troops is pictured at the Kieler Strasse in Berlin, Germany, 04 November 2024 (issued 08 November 2024). The tower is now a memorial to Günter Litfin, who was the first victim of the firing order during an escape attempt on 24 August 1961. The Berlin Wall surrounded West Berlin for 155 kilometers and divided the city from 13 August 1961 to 9 November 1989. Originally built to prevent East Berliners from fleeing to the West, the wall was continuously expanded by the SED to create a heavily guarded barrier system. The resulting border strip, known in the West as the «death strip», claimed many lives in escape attempts. At least 136 people lost their lives here trying to escape from East to West. The fall of the Wall in November 1989 finally put an end to the system by which the SED had secured its power in the GDR and heralded the end of the dictatorship. (Alemania) EFE/EPA/HANNIBAL HANSCHKE ATTENTION: This Image is part of a PHOTO SET
